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When planning a room, there are many elements to think about in a floor plan – and windows are one of those details that can make a big difference. While you may not always be replacing what’s already there, if you are, it’s important to consider not only how the window looks inside, but also how it fits with the exterior of your home to keep everything cohesive.

Below are several common types of windows and how they function:

Double Hung – This is one of the most common window types found in homes. Both the top and bottom sashes move – the top slides down and the bottom slides up. Some models allow the panes to tilt inward, making it easier to clean the outside from inside the home.

Casement – These windows are hinged on the side and open outward like a door. They can be a single unit or paired together, often seen alongside larger picture windows.

Awning – This style has a fixed top pane, while the bottom pane opens outward, hinged at the top. It allows for ventilation even during light rain.

Jalousie – Made up of multiple horizontal glass panes that open outward together. Smaller panes are typically referred to as jalousie, while larger versions are sometimes called Miami windows.

Horizontal/Vertical Pivot – These windows pivot from the center. A horizontal pivot is hinged on the sides and opens with the top angling into the house, while a vertical pivot is hinged at the top and bottom opens into the room from the left.

Sliding – Consists of two panes that slide horizontally past each other. Typically, only one side opens at a time.

Picture – A large, fixed pane of glass that does not open. It is often combined with operable windows like casement or double hung styles on either side.

Bay/Bow – These windows extend outward from the exterior of the home. Bay windows typically have three panels set at angles, while bow windows are more curved and consist of four or more panels.

Types of Heating and Cooling Units

Central HVAC Unit – A system that provides both heating and cooling. The main unit is typically located outside, and air is distributed throughout the home via vents placed in the floors, walls, or ceilings.

Radiator – Usually positioned near windows, radiators heat a room by circulating hot water through metal units made of cast iron, steel, or aluminum.

Baseboard – Similar to radiators, but installed along the baseboards of a room to provide consistent heat along the perimeter.

Window A/C Unit – Installed directly into a window, these units cool a specific area rather than the entire home. Portable units can also be used for the same purpose.

Space Heater – A self-contained unit powered by electricity or fuel, used to heat a small, immediate area.

We are almost at the end of this series. In our next post, we will cover the final architectural elements. (4/12/26)

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